There is no man in the world who does not use thinking to solve problems and make decisions, does not confront with any problems, have no imagery. There is no child in the world who would have learned to speak his language without bubbling at first. There is no language in the world, which would not have its own grammar. All these things are interlaced and are parts of each other.
Thinking and reasoning
There are many species in the world: amphibian, brutes, birds, but people are the only one, which contemplates, analyzes, recollects and plans. Thinking is the manipulation of mental representation of information. It transforms a particular representation of information into new forms in order to answer questions, reach goals and solve problems. The field of psychology that considers processes of thinking is cognitive psychology. When we solve problems, we often use syllogistic reasoning, which means that we derive implications from a set of assumptions that we know to be true. What is more, our decisions sometimes may be improved through the use of algorithms and heuristics. Both of them lead to solution.
Problem solving
It is necessary for people to know how to solve real-life problems. Problem solving involves three steps: preparing to create solutions, producing solutions, and evaluating the solutions that have been generated. Problems which people confronts, vary from well defined, which means that information is available, to ill defined, when nature of the problem is not clear. There are three kinds of problems: arrangement, inducing structure and transformation. Of course, we can come closer to the goal, while using the heuristic of a means-ends analysis - repeated testing for differences between the desired outcome and what currently exists. In our world exist some obstacles to problem solving, for example, functional fixedness, which is the tendency to think of an object only in terms of its typical use, or mental set - the tendency for old patterns of problem solving to persist. We could solve problems easier by using our creativity or become better thinkers by redefining problems, using fractionation, considering the opposite, thinking divergently and using other creative methods.
Language
Language is the communication of information through symbols arranged according to systematic rules. To understand how language develops we first need to know that the basic structure of language rests on the system of rules that determine how our thoughts can be expressed - it is grammar, that deals with three major components of language: phonology, syntax and semantics. It takes five years when acquisition of language rules is relatively complete. The child goes through stages of bubbling, two-word combinations and then reaches the final stage when he understands the way how to talk. Theorists suggest that language is acquired through reinforcement and conditioning. Although language does not determine thought, it does affect the way people store information in memory. Nowadays almost all of us know more than two languages. If you know two - you are a bilingual speaker. With a bilingual approach, students learn some subjects in their native language while learning English. Sometimes these people are biculturists - they belong to two cultures. People who speak more than one language may have more advantages than those who speak only one. For instance, they can get a job easier, work as guides, translators, they are interested in two cultures and not in one only.
In my opinion, people, that means Us, should enjoy themselves that we are such clever creatures, that we use articulate language to communicate, solve problems not rudely but by using more difficult techniques. Communication between people developed through ages while it has reached the perfection as we can see nowadays.
Thinking and reasoning
There are many species in the world: amphibian, brutes, birds, but people are the only one, which contemplates, analyzes, recollects and plans. Thinking is the manipulation of mental representation of information. It transforms a particular representation of information into new forms in order to answer questions, reach goals and solve problems. The field of psychology that considers processes of thinking is cognitive psychology. When we solve problems, we often use syllogistic reasoning, which means that we derive implications from a set of assumptions that we know to be true. What is more, our decisions sometimes may be improved through the use of algorithms and heuristics. Both of them lead to solution.
Problem solving
It is necessary for people to know how to solve real-life problems. Problem solving involves three steps: preparing to create solutions, producing solutions, and evaluating the solutions that have been generated. Problems which people confronts, vary from well defined, which means that information is available, to ill defined, when nature of the problem is not clear. There are three kinds of problems: arrangement, inducing structure and transformation. Of course, we can come closer to the goal, while using the heuristic of a means-ends analysis - repeated testing for differences between the desired outcome and what currently exists. In our world exist some obstacles to problem solving, for example, functional fixedness, which is the tendency to think of an object only in terms of its typical use, or mental set - the tendency for old patterns of problem solving to persist. We could solve problems easier by using our creativity or become better thinkers by redefining problems, using fractionation, considering the opposite, thinking divergently and using other creative methods.
Language
Language is the communication of information through symbols arranged according to systematic rules. To understand how language develops we first need to know that the basic structure of language rests on the system of rules that determine how our thoughts can be expressed - it is grammar, that deals with three major components of language: phonology, syntax and semantics. It takes five years when acquisition of language rules is relatively complete. The child goes through stages of bubbling, two-word combinations and then reaches the final stage when he understands the way how to talk. Theorists suggest that language is acquired through reinforcement and conditioning. Although language does not determine thought, it does affect the way people store information in memory. Nowadays almost all of us know more than two languages. If you know two - you are a bilingual speaker. With a bilingual approach, students learn some subjects in their native language while learning English. Sometimes these people are biculturists - they belong to two cultures. People who speak more than one language may have more advantages than those who speak only one. For instance, they can get a job easier, work as guides, translators, they are interested in two cultures and not in one only.
In my opinion, people, that means Us, should enjoy themselves that we are such clever creatures, that we use articulate language to communicate, solve problems not rudely but by using more difficult techniques. Communication between people developed through ages while it has reached the perfection as we can see nowadays.
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